Principles, Standards and Implementation

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Standards

IEC and EN Standards

IEC/EN 60204-1

Electrical equipment of machines—Pt 1 General requirements.

This is a very important standard that outlines recommendations for safety related aspects of wiring and electrical equipment on machines. A significantly revised version was published in 2006. This revision removed the former preference for electromechanical safety circuits. In the US, this is equivalent to NFPA 79.

IEC/EN 61508

Functional safety of electrical, electronic and programmable electronic safety-related systems.

This standard is important because it contains the requirements and provisions that are necessary for the design of complex electronic and programmable systems and subsystems. The standard is generic so it is not restricted to the machinery sector. It is a lengthy and complex document comprising seven parts. Within the machinery sector, its use is mostly for the design of complex devices such as safety PLCs. For system level design and integration aspects for machinery the sector specific standards such as IEC/EN 62061 or the revised version of ISO/EN 13849-1 are probably the most suitable. IEC 61508 has mapped out the approach for a new generation of sector and product specific standards that are now emerging. It introduced the term SIL (safety integrity level) and gives a hierarchy of 4 SILs which are applied to a safety function. SIL 1 is the lowest and SIL 4 is the highest. SIL 4 is not usually applicable to the machinery sector because it is intended to be related to very high risk levels more associated with sectors such as petrochemical or nuclear.

IEC/EN 62061

Functional safety of safety related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems.

This standard is one of the new generation of standards that use the term SIL (safety integrity level). It is the machinery specific implementation of IEC/EN 61508. It specifies requirements and makes recommendations for the design, integration and validation of electrical safety related control systems for machines. This standard provides an alternative approach to the existing EN 954-1 and is intended to be useful for the increasingly complex safety functionality required for current and future machinery For less complex safety functionality the revised version of ISO/EN 13849-1 may be easier to implement. The use of these standards requires the availability of data such as PFHd (probability of dangerous failure per hour) or MTTFd (mean time to dangerous failure). The derivation of this data will be considered later in this section.

IEC/EN 61496

Electro-sensitive protective equipment Pt 1: General requirements and tests.

General requirements and tests.

Pt 2: Particular requirements for equipment using active optoelectronic protective devices.

Part 1 gives requirements and test procedures for the control and monitoring aspects for electrosensitive protective equipment. Subsequent parts deal with aspects particular to the sensing side of the system. Part 2 gives particular requirements for safety light curtains.

Draft IEC 61800-5-2

Functional safety of power drive systems.

This standard will deal with drives that have safety functionality.